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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Outline
- Background
- Sources of DNA
- SNP data and haplotype information
- Review of genetics: mutation
- Review of genetics: recombination
- Review of genetics: genetic drift
- Review of genetics: natural selection
- Genetic drift (random, neutral variation)
- Genetic drift: population splits (1)
- Population splits - Wright-Fisher simulations
- Effect is stronger if population size is smaller
- Population size changes: bottlenecks
- Population size changes: expansion
- Founder events
- Admixture events
- Techniques to analyse genetic variation data
- Data resources (genome-wide DNA)
- Techniques to infer human demography
- Diversity among groups: FST
- Diversity within a group: heterozygosity
- FST, heterozygosity
- Principal components analysis (PCA)
- PCA of Europe
- Clustering individuals (1)
- Clustering individuals (STRUCTURE)
- Incorporating haplotype (LD) information
- Clustering using haplotype info (fineSTRUCTURE)
- United Kingdom: clustering using haplotype info
- Clustering individuals (2)
- Inferring split times, population size changes
- Inferring split times: AFS approaches
- Inferring split times: sequencing data
- Building trees: correlated drift
- Building trees - TREEMIX
- Building trees: populations from HGDP
- Admixture with archaic groups: Neanderthals?
- Admixture with archaic groups: Denisovan?
- Ancient history summary: initial colonisations
- Ancient history summary: mix w. extinct hominids
- What about more recent history?
- Evidence of admixture using Y/mtDNA
- Inferring admixture using autosomal DNA
- Dating admixture using autosomal DNA
- Inferring admixture: Native Americans (Maya)
- A genetic atlas of human admixture history
- Summary
Topics Covered
- Describe the biological & demographic processes that contribute to genetic diversity
- Describe statistical techniques that use observed DNA patterns to infer these past processes
- Illustrate the types of data used for inferring human history
- Highlight some key findings about human history derived through the use of these techniques
Talk Citation
Hellenthal, G. (2016, April 19). Statistical techniques in human population genetics [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 15, 2019, from https://hstalks.com/bs/3259/.Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Dr. Garrett Hellenthal has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Statistical techniques in human population genetics
Published on April 19, 2016
52 min
Other Talks in the Series: Statistical Genetics
Transcript
0:00
Welcome to the lecture
on Statistical Techniques
in Human Population Genetics,
part of the statistical
genetic series.
I'm Garrett Hellenthal,
a research fellow
at University College London
whose main work
is in statistical
and population genetics.
0:13
The main aims of this lecture
are to describe the biological
and demographic processes
that contribute
to genetic diversity,
describe
the statistical techniques
that use observed DNA patterns
to infer these past processes,
illustrate the types of data
used for inferring
human history,
and how we can learn
different aspects of history
using these different
types of data, and finally,
highlight some key findings
about human history
derived through the use
of these techniques.
0:39
We'll start with
some brief background.
While overall DNA patterns
among different human groups
are very similar,
nonetheless they are
clear genetic differences
among different
human groups today.
Several factors have contributed
to this observed
genetic diversity.
For example,
geographic isolation,
groups being separated
from each other
due to physical boundaries,
population size changes,
and intermixing or admixture
among genetically
different groups.
And underlying these factors
are the usual genetic processes
you will have learned about
by now,
that which we'll
briefly review here,
genetic drift, mutation,
recombination, and selection.
What the population geneticist
is trying to do then
is take the genetic differences
that we observed
and try to reverse this to learn
about the past processes
that have led
to these differences.