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Pharmacometrics in tuberculosis

Published on December 2, 2014   69 min

A selection of talks on Respiratory Diseases

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0:00
Welcome to Pharmacometrics in Tuberculosis. My name is Chuck Peloquin. I'm a professor at the University of Florida College of Pharmacy and the University of Florida Emerging Pathogens Institute. Today, we'll be talking about the drugs that are used to treat tuberculosis and some other key features to using them properly.
0:23
Slide two shows the drugs that are FDA, or Food and Drug Administration, approved for treatment of tuberculosis in the United States. Very similar lists of drugs are available in countries around the world. Some countries have more limited formularies, and the second line drugs, and we'll discuss what that means, are available through programs offered by the World Health Organization, or WHO. Aminosalicylate, also known as aminosalicylic acid or PAS, is the oldest of the TB drugs, discovered in the early 1940s in Sweden, and that was followed very shortly by the discovery of streptomycin, the first of the aminoglycosides. The third TB drug to be introduced was isoniazid, or INH, and with the introduction of isoniazid, true combination therapy that was actually quite effective now was possible, and that was in the early 1950s. Continuing down the list from the top, capreomycin is a polypeptide. It's also an injectable drug like streptomycin, so there is no oral dosage form. We'll talk a little bit more about all of these drugs in subsequent slides. Cycloserine also is considered a second line drug, as is ethionamide. Ethambutol, pyrazinamide, rifampin, and rifapentine all can be considered first line drugs.