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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Short range interaction with surrounding cells
- DSS induces injury in mammals, lethality in flies
- DSS feeding increases enteroblast number
- Tissue injury caused by DSS
- Hippo/Yorki tumor suppressor pathway (1)
- Hippo/Yorki tumor suppressor pathway (2)
- Hippo/Yorki pathway mediates ISC proliferation
- Bleomycin as a tissue damaging agent
- Bleomycin damaging mechanism
- Enterocytes damage can stimulate ISC division
- Enterocytes regulate ISC proliferation
- Long range interactions
- Insulin receptor activation to midgut proliferation
- Activated insulin receptor expression
- InR pathway mutants suppress stem cell division
- Systemic and local insulin regulate ISC division
- ISC regulation and tissue repair - summary
- Acknowledgments
Topics Covered
- The adult Drosophila midgut contains tissue specific intestinal stem cells (ISCs)
- ISCs are the only dividing cells in the midgut and are responsible for maintaining midgut homeostasis and regeneration
- The ISC division gives rise to a renewed stem cell and an enteroblast, which can differentiate into secretory enteroendocrine cells or absorptive enterocytes
- Intrinsic factors such as Tuberous Sclerosis Complex and Myc coordinate the growth and division of ISCs
- Extrinsic factors such as Epidermal Growth Factor from surrounding cells and the interaction with basement membrane also regulate the rate of ISC division
- Insulin secreted from CNS function as a long-range growth factor to control ISC activity and therefore intestinal tissue homeostasis
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Talk Citation
Ip, T. (2017, September 25). Intestinal stem cell-mediated repair in Drosophila 2 [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 10, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/NTMZ4649.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Tony Ip has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Intestinal stem cell-mediated repair in Drosophila 2
A selection of talks on Cell Biology
Transcript
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0:04
The last set of slides of TSC2 function illustrates
an intrinsic regulatory mechanism for stem cells,
in this case, for growth and division.
The other intrinsic mechanisms that regulate asymmetry,
renewal, or apoptosis are being pursued by many different laboratories.
In the next set of slides, we're going to discuss how short-range interaction
with surrounding cells might regulate stem cell division.
0:33
Some insights of how stem cells interact with immediate environment,
usually called a niche, came from our earlier study
using different tissue damaging agents.
In the case of dextran sulfate sodium, or DSS,
it is a widely used chemical to induce
inflammatory bowel diseases
in mammalian experimental systems,
like a mouse or rat.
Dextran sulfate sodium is a synthetic polysaccharide
that has multiple positive charges.
Feeding DSS to animals can cause injury
that is compounded by the presence of commensal bacteria,
inflammation, cytokine production, and lymphocyte attractions
that cause serious tissue damage after inflammation.
It is a widely used model to study human ulcerative colitis.
Feeding of DSS to fruit flies, as shown in the lower panel,
can kill flies within days, depending on dosage that we used.
At early time points of day 1 and 2 and 3,
after feeding DSS,
we could already detect very highly increased mitotic activity
inside the drosophila midgut.