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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Epidemiology of TB in 21st century
- Estimated TB incidence rates, 2010
- Countries with XDR-TB confirmed cases
- Global plan to stop TB: 2006 - 2015
- Bacille Calmette-Guerin
- Efficacy of BCG
- BCG protective efficacy – meta analysis
- Why doesn’t BCG work?
- Environmental mycobacteria: evidence for masking
- Blocking
- Other problems with BCG
- Tuberculosis in humans
- What do we know about protective immunity
- Design of an improved vaccine against TB
- Recombinant BCG strains
- Attenuated M.tb strains
- Booster vaccines: MTB 72F/M72
- Booster vaccines: SSI fusion proteins
- Booster vaccines: Aeras 402
- MVA85A
- Improving BCG induced protection by MVA85A
- Ag85A-specific cultured ELISPOT responses data
- In vitro Ag85A-induced IFN-g and IL-17 levels
- Stages of clinical development
- Robert Koch
- Design of studies with MVA85A
- Target populations
- Summary of MVA85A clinical trials since 2002
- Safety data
- BCG – MVA85A induced immune response
- CD4+ T cell epitopes recognised after vaccination
- Priming with BCG and boosting with MVA data
- MVA induced T cells are highly polyfunctional
- IL-17 and TB
- Antigen-85A specific IL-17 responses
- MVA85A in M.tb latently infected adults
- MVA85A in latently infected and in vaccinated
- Trials in South Africa
- MVA85A is immunogenic in South African trials
- Co-administration of MVA85A with EPI vaccines
- Infant Phase IIb efficacy trial
- Trials in HIV-infected adults
- HIV safety data
- MVA85A induces a polyfunctional profile
- Phase IIb trial in HIV-positive adults
- Progress
- Challenges
- Acknowledgements
- Funders and partners
Topics Covered
- Review of the current vaccine, BCG
- Potential reasons for variability
- Leading approaches to developing a new TB vaccine
- Clinical development of MVA85A
Links
Series:
Categories:
Therapeutic Areas:
Talk Citation
McShane, H. (2013, July 11). Global progress in TB vaccine development [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved November 9, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/TGDL9636.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Helen McShane has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
A selection of talks on Pharmaceutical Sciences
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
My name is Helen McShane.
I'm professor of vaccinology at
the Jenner Institute in
the University of Oxford.
I'm a clinician by
training and I have led
the TB vaccine program at
the University of Oxford
for the last 10 years.
0:17
Tuberculosis or TB remains
a very significant cause of
both disease and death
throughout the world.
The World Health Organization
(WHO) figures for
2010 where there
were 8.8 million
new cases and
1.45 million deaths
attributable to tuberculosis.
The emergence of
drug-resistant strains of
mycobacterium tuberculosis
have compounded
the problem and reduced
our ability to effectively
treat this disease.
We now have multi-drug
resistant (MDR) strains,
extensively drug-resistant
(XDR) strains,
and now totally
drug-resistant (TDR) strains.
The geographical overlap with
the HIV epidemic and
the TB epidemic has had
a devastating impact,
particularly in
Sub-Saharan Africa,
but also in India and China.
In addition, it's
estimated that a third of
the world's population are
latently infected with TB.
These people are at risk of
reactivation should they become
immunosuppressed for any reason
and globally the
commonest cause of
immunosuppression is
co-infection with HIV.
1:30
This figure demonstrating
estimated TB incidence rates
in 2010 is taken from
the World Health
Organization and clearly
demonstrates that the burden of
the disease is in
Sub-Saharan Africa,
particularly in Southern Africa.
However, looking at the map,
there is very clearly a
significant amount of
disease throughout many
parts of the world,
particularly Southeast
Asia, India,
China, and the
Russian Federation.