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In this talk, we turn
our attention to
apoptosis, programmed
cell death,
framing our discussion around
the mechanisms and
significance of apoptosis,
the programmed cell death
vital for organismal health.
We will explain
the intrinsic and
extrinsic pathways that initiate
apoptosis and highlight the role
of caspases in cell dismantling.
The lecture will discuss
apoptosis in
development, immunity,
and disease, and examine
how its malfunction leads
to conditions such as cancer
and degenerative disorders.
Finally, we will explore
how understanding apoptosis
informs cancer therapies and
the development of
targeted treatments.
Apoptosis is the
essential process
of programmed cell death.
Apoptosis is a
genetically encoded,
highly regulated process that
allows an organism
to remove unwanted,
damaged or dangerous cells
in a controlled way.
Unlike necrosis, which triggers
inflammation,
apoptosis is silent.
Billions of human cells undergo
apoptosis each day,
maintaining tissue health.
Its malfunction can
contribute to cancer
or to immune disorders and
degenerative diseases.
Apoptosis is initiated via
two main pathways,
intrinsic and extrinsic.
The intrinsic or mitochondrial
pathway is triggered by
internal signals like DNA
damage or oxidative stress,
leading to mitochondrial
outer membrane
permeablelization,
and cytochrome C release,
activating the
apoptosome and caspases.
