Obesity and metabolic syndrome

This presentation will examine obesity and metabolic syndrome, defining their health consequences and the mechanisms by which excess fat disrupts metabolic processes. We will examine both genetic and environmental factors that contribute to these conditions, along with how they are diagnosed through clinical criteria. The session will also look at evidence based strategies for prevention and treatment, emphasizing lifestyle modification, behavioral support, and potential medical interventions. Obesity and metabolic syndrome are escalating public health challenges worldwide. Obesity is more than an issue of appearance. It is defined by excessive body fat that impairs health, commonly measured by a BMI over 30. Obesity also increases the risk of metabolic syndrome, a cluster of issues such as insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidamia, and abdominal fat. Metabolic syndrome is a major driver of type two diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This lecture examines how excess fat disrupts metabolism, explores the causes, and outlines strategies for identification and treatment. Excessive fat, especially within the abdominal cavity, results in more than just increased weight. Visceral fat found around the organs, releases hormones, fatty acids, and inflammatory mediators that promote metabolic dysfunction. These signals drive insulin resistance, making it harder for muscles and the liver to regulate blood glucose. Obesity also causes hypertension and