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The following session
will cover shock,
focusing on the definition
and major causes of shock,
including hypervolemic,
cardiogenic, and septic shock,
as well as the
critical importance of
prompt recognition
and intervention.
We will discuss how to identify
shock based on key symptoms and
clinical signs and review
diagnostic tools available
to support diagnosis.
Finally, we will outline
immediate treatment strategies
focused on restoring
blood flow and addressing
the underlying cause to
improve patient outcomes.
Shock is a life
threatening emergency,
resulting from
inadequate blood flow
to tissues and organs.
When tissues lack
oxygen and nutrients,
vital cellular processes
are disrupted,
causing organ dysfunction, and
if uncorrected,
potentially death.
Despite differing
causes, all shock
involves circulatory failure
and insufficient perfusion.
Early identification and is
intervention are critical,
as shock may
progress rapidly and
not always present
dramatic initial symptoms.
Prompt recognition greatly
improves outcomes.
Several types of
shock are recognized,
each with distinct mechanisms,
but often similar
clinical features.
Hypovolemic shock results from
significant blood or fluid loss,
commonly due to trauma,
gastrointestinal bleeding,
or severe dehydration.
Cardiogenic shock arises from
the heart's inability
to pump effectively,
often due to heart failure
or myocardial infarction.
Septic shock is caused by
overwhelming
infection leading to
inflammation and blood
vessel dilation.
