The Kidneys: Diseases, Disorders & Treatments

This learning journey is designed to provide an introduction to a selection of diseases and disorders that inhibit regular renal function. Both well established and novel treatment methods for these conditions are also discussed in this journey.


1. The anatomy of the kidney

By Prof. Emeritus Kapil S. Satyapal – University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

An excerpt from Pancreas, kidneys and ureters


2. Main functions of kidney

By Dr. Jessica Briffa – The University of Melbourne, Australia

An excerpt from Renal function: excretory system


3. Renal clearance

By Dr. Jessica Briffa – The University of Melbourne, Australia

An excerpt from Renal function: filtration and clearance


4. Solute reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubule

By Dr. Jessica Briffa – The University of Melbourne, Australia

An excerpt from Renal function: sodium balance


5. Urine osmolality and water reabsorption in nephron

By Dr. Jessica Briffa – The University of Melbourne, Australia

An excerpt from Renal function: water balance


6. Diabetic kidney disease: epidemiology and natural history

By Dr. Ashish Upadhyay – Boston University School of Medicine, USA

An excerpt from Overview of diabetic kidney disease


7. Chronic kidney disease in diabetes

By Prof. Merlin Thomas – Monash University, Australia

An excerpt from Chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes: introduction


8. Managing chronic kidney disease in diabetes

By Prof. Merlin Thomas – Monash University, Australia

An excerpt from Chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes: treatment


9. Treating end-stage renal disease

By Prof. Peter Kotanko – Renal Research Institute, USA

An excerpt from Allo-hemodialysis: a novel approach to address the global shortfall in dialysis


10. Continuous renal replacement therapy: when and why?

By Prof. Timothy E. Bunchman – VCU School of Medicine, USA

An excerpt from Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in children