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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Tuberculosis global statistics in 2019
- Outline - forms of human TB
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
- Phases of M. tb infection in humans
- The spectrum of TB: from infection to active disease
- Outline - virulence factors within macrophages
- M. tb virulence factors
- Immune subversion strategies and host defense
- Signaling through M. tb cyclic-dinucleotides
- Recognition of M. tb RNA by RIG-I & MDA-5
- The SecA2 secretion system is needed
- Outline: tissue-mediated pathogenesis
- Phases of immune response to M. tb
- Granuloma evolution and cellular composition of the necrotic granuloma
- Lung cavitation, hallmark of advanced TB
- How does necrosis occur?
- Study of necrotizing lesions in B6.Sst1s mice
- Integrated stress response (ISR) mediates necrosis
- Effect of ISR inhibitor on tuberculosis progression
- Outline - TB pathogenesis during HIV co-infection
- HIV and M. tb co-infection
- Proposed mechanism of HIV-induced reactivation of latent TB
- HIV causes different changes within M. tb
- Thank you
Topics Covered
- Forms of human TB
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb)
- Virulence factors within macrophages
- Immune subversion strategies and host defense
- Tissue-mediated pathogenesis
- Phases of immune response to M. tb
- Granuloma evolution and cellular composition of the necrotic granuloma
- TB pathogenesis during HIV co-infection
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Talk Citation
Bishai, W.R. (2021, November 28). The pathogenesis of tuberculosis [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 6, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/KMJG7455.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Dr. Bishai hold patents related to recombinant BCG strains with potential use as TB vaccines.
A selection of talks on Microbiology
Transcript
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0:00
Welcome, my name is Bill Bishai.
I'm a professor at Johns Hopkins University, in Baltimore, Maryland.
My topic today is the pathogenesis of tuberculosis.
I'd like to share a little bit of epidemiology about tuberculosis in the world,
then take you through four topics on the pathogenesis of tuberculosis.
0:23
Epidemiologically, tuberculosis is one of the most lethal diseases on the planet.
The statistics from 2019 revealed that there were 10 million new cases of tuberculosis
globally, and about 200,000 cases of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Within these cases, there were 1.4 million deaths.
Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death in patients with HIV.
0:51
The outline I'd like to address with you today is shown on this slide.
First, I'd like to address the forms of human tuberculosis.
Second, I'd like to address virulence factors of the microbe, within macrophages.
Third, I'd like to address the important topic of the tissue-mediated pathogenesis
of M. tuberculosis, specifically addressing how the bacterium leads to the formation
of granulomas, which are the classic lesions seen in humans.
Lastly, I'd like to discuss the important topic of TB pathogenesis during HIV co-infection.
1:29
The microbe is Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
It's an obligate aerobic, facultative intracellular bacterium.
One-quarter of the world's population is estimated to be latently infected with this microbe.
Importantly, M. tuberculosis can persist in humans for decades, before reactivating
to cause active post-primary tuberculosis disease.
During this persistent phase, it's called latent tuberculosis infection.