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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Outline
- Functions of mitochondria
- ROS production
- Mitochondrial quality control
- Unfolded & misfolded proteins
- Mitochondria-derived vesicles
- Mitochondrial content
- Autophagy: auto.phagy, “self-eat”
- Autophagy (mechanism)
- Autophagy cascade
- Selective vs. bulk autophagy
- Mitophagy (1)
- Mitophagy (2)
- Mitophagy (3)
- Mitochondrial dynamics
- Mitochondrial lifecycle
- PINK1/Parkin
- Parkin
- NIX/BNIP3/FUNDC1
- NIX
- Mitophagy in physiology (1)
- Mitophagy in physiology (2)
- Mitophagy in physiology (3)
- Mitophagy in disease (1)
- Mitophagy in disease (2)
- Conclusions
Topics Covered
- Mitochondrial function and dysfunction
- Mitochondrial quality control and degradation
- Autophagy
- Mitophagy, the mitochondria-specific autophagy pathway
- Mechanisms and molecules involved in Mitophagy
- Physiological and pathophysiological roles of Mitophagy
Talk Citation
Vainshtein, A. (2018, February 27). Mitophagy - the degradation of dysfunctional organelles [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 6, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/SBBP8988.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Dr. Anna Vainshtein has no commercial/financial relationships to disclose
A selection of talks on Clinical Practice
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Hello. My name is Anna Vainshtein.
I'm the CEO and founder of Craft Science Inc.,
a scientific writing, editing,
and consulting firm based out of Toronto, Canada.
Today, I'll be talking to you about the role of mitophagy,
which is the degradation of
dysfunctional and superfluous organelles in mitochondrial quality control.
0:20
This talk, will focus on
five major themes including mitochondrial function and dysfunction,
the mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control.
I will then briefly introduce autophagy as
the core autophagy machinery is required for mitophagy.
I will also describe the mechanisms of mitophagy and finally,
the physiological and pathological roles of this process.
0:42
Mitochondria constitute the main energy-producing centers of eukaryotic cells,
and so-called power plants of the cell.
But in addition, they are also involved in several crucial cellular processes.
In healthy cells, these functions are highly regulated to
provide sufficient energy for cell functions,
maintain cell homeostasis, and avoid undesirable cell death.
Aside from ATP production,
mitochondria also play an important role in calcium storage and uptake,
produce reactive oxygen species or ROS as a byproduct of oxidative phosphorylation.
Mitochondria are also the principal source of a Acetyl-CoA, and if permeablized,
can release internal factors that can act as death signals such as Cytochrome c. Indeed,
changes in cellular ATP can dictate organelle
trafficking from one area of the cell to another,
based on energy needs.
While changes in mitochondrial calcium buffering capacity and
reactive oxygen species production may activate signaling pathways,
they can determine cellular growth and protein synthesis.
While alterations in Acetyl-CoA levels can lead to
chromatin remodeling mediated by
histone acetyltransferases and this changes to gene transcription.
While mitochondria damage or increased
cellular stress can result in the release of mitochondrial factors,
such as Cytochrome c, which can lead to programmed cell death known as apoptosis.
It is therefore vital to maintain mitochondrial health and vitality.
As a byproduct of oxidative phosphorylation,