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This talk introduces analgesics,
using it as a basis for
further exploration of the
diverse types of analgesics,
their mechanisms of action,
uses, risks, and roots
of administration.
We will compare non opioid
and opioid analgesics,
outline key indications
and contra indications,
and discuss side
effect profiles.
The importance of
individualized pain management,
including multimodal and non
pharmacological strategies
will be emphasized.
Ultimately, the focus
will be on achieving
effective pain relief
while minimizing
harm and addressing the
complex nature of pain.
Let us begin by framing
the central role of
analgesics in medicine.
Analgesics or
painkillers, are agents
that relieve pain without
causing loss of consciousness.
Pain is a complex experience
shaped by tissue injury,
physiological responses,
and emotional context.
Analgesics are vital for
managing pain from injury,
surgery, chronic
disease, and cancer.
The major analgesic types,
their mechanisms, indications,
contraindications, side effects,
and administration
routes will be explored.
Let us first address
non opioid analgesics,
typically the starting point
for mild to moderate pain.
CDs, such as ibuprofen, aspirin,
naproxen, diclofenac,
and Cox two inhibitors.
Reduce pain by inhibiting
cyclooxygenase enzymes that
produce prostaglandins.
This relieves pain
and inflammation.
When comparing NCDs
and paracetamol,
