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Welcome to this lecture on Routes of
Drug Administration, providing
an overview of the various routes
of drug administration
and their significance in
pharmacology, focusing on how
each method influences drug absorption,
bioavailability, safety,
and clinical effectiveness.
We will compare enteral,
parenteral, topical,
transdermal, inhalation,
ocular, and nasal routes,
highlighting their key advantages,
limitations, and specific clinical uses.
We’ll also discuss how drug properties,
patient factors, and
practical considerations
guide the selection of
the most suitable route.
Ultimately, this understanding
is fundamental for
optimizing patient outcomes
and therapeutic success..
We will explore the routes of
drug administration, a key aspect of
pharmacology with major implications for
patient outcomes and therapeutic planning.
The chosen route affects
how quickly and effectively
a drug acts, as well as its
safety and acceptability.
“Routes of administration” refers to how
drugs enter the body, such as oral,
parenteral, topical,
mucosal, and novel methods.
The optimal route depends on factors
like desired onset, drug properties,
patient age and consciousness,
and need for systemic or local effects.
Common routes—oral,
intravenous, intramuscular,
subcutaneous, transdermal,
sublingual, inhalation,
rectal, topical, ocular, and
nasal—will be examined,
covering their advantages,
disadvantages, practical
considerations, and
how each impacts absorption,
bioavailability, and
clinical efficacy.
Enteral routes include oral,
