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1. X-Chr. inactivation (XCI): historical perspective
2. XCI: thoughts
3. Preludes to discovery of XCI
4. Dosage compensation mechanism
5. Extension of theory to human-X
6. Genes escaping XCI
7. XCI applies only to somatic cells
8. Properties of inactive-X
9. Mouse X-autosome translocations
10. Function of inactivation centre
11. Gene variegation percentage and inactivation
12. Developments in the theory of XCI
13. Some causes of skewing of XCI
14. Some cases of apparent non-random inactivation
15. Non-random inactivation: coat color in mouse
16. Suggested XCI mechanism
17. Properties of inactive-X
18. X-chromosome imprinting
19. Imprinted/random inactivation
20. XX embryonic stem cells
21. XIST gene
22. knockouts of Xist in XX cells
23. knockouts of Xist in XY cells
24. XIST/Xist sequence
25. Xsit antisense transcript Tisx
26. Differences between human and mouse
27. Effect of Xist YAC on autosome Chr. 12
28. Xist cDNA transgene in ES cells
29. Properties of inactive-X
30. Cycle of X chromosome activity in development
31. X-chromosomal DNA facilitates XCI
32. LINE1s on human-X
33. Recent work on X;A translocations
34. X-reactivation in mouse

Topics Covered

• The phenomenon of X-chromosome inactivation in female mammals
• X-chromosome inactivation as a dosage compensation mechanism for equalising the dosage of X-linked gene products in XY males and XX females in somatic cells
• inactivity of either the maternal or paternal X-chromosome in different cells in eutherian mammals
• preferential inactivation of paternal X in the placenta of mice and in all cells of marsupials
• initiation of the process from an X-inactivation centre
• discovery of the key gene, Xist
• the concept of initiation and maintenance of X-inactivation as separate processes
• histone modifications and methylation of CpG islands as maintenance mechanisms
• inactivation in autosomal and X-chromosomal DNA
• LINE1s as booster elements on the X-chromosome

Links

Series:

• Epigenetics

Categories:

• Biochemistry
• Cell Biology
• Genetics & Epigenetics

Talk Citation

Lyon, M. (2007, October 1). A historical perspective on ideas on X-chromosome inactivation [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved April 15, 2025, from https://doi.org/10.69645/YHWX5345.
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Publication History

• Published on October 1, 2007
• Archived on August 31, 2016

Financial Disclosures

• Dr. Mary Lyon has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.