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0:00
Hello, everyone. My name is
Dr. Emma Short and I work as a
consultant histopathologist,
and I carry out ageing research.
This talk will explore ageing.
0:16
Ageing is characterised
by a progressive loss of
physiological
functioning which leads
to an increased
vulnerability to death.
During this talk,
we'll define some of the
terms which are commonly used
in the ageing field,
and we'll look at
the cellular and clinical
features of ageing.
0:40
The learning objectives for
this talk are to have an
understanding of the terms and
definitions that are used in
the context of ageing,
to have an awareness of
the clinical features
of ageing, and to
understand the cellular and
tissue hallmarks of ageing.
1:01
The definitions that
we will look at are
chronological age versus
biological or physiological age,
longevity, lifespan, healthspan,
frailty, life expectancy,
and senescence.
1:21
Our chronological age and
our biological or
physiological age
can be very different.
Our chronological age refers
to the number of years
we have been alive for,
whereas our biological
age reflects
how healthy or
unhealthy our cells,
tissues, and organs are.
In other words, chronological
age is a measure of
time, whereas biological
age is a measure of health,
disease risk, or death.
If we look at the
men on the slide,
they are both 60 year old,
so they both have a
chronological age of 60 years.
However, the man on the left
eats a diet rich in
fruits, vegetables,
and whole grains,
he exercises daily,
he has an academically
challenging job,
and he has a strong
social network.
In contrast, the man on
the right only eats
ultra processed foods,
he drinks five pints
of beer a day,
he smokes 40 cigarettes a day,
spends all of his time sat
down watching the television,
and he lives alone
without any friends.
Although these men both have
the same chronological age,
it is highly likely
that the man on
the right has a much
older biological age,
and he will be at a greater
risk of developing diseases,
if he doesn't have them already,
and he is highly likely to
die before the man on the left.
