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My name is Dr. Wayne Carter.
This lecture is entitled
In Vivo Drug Screening.
Animal Models.
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Drug properties need
to be tested in vivo.
This utilises animals,
typically mammals,
as a model of human physiology
and/or the human disease
for which the drug
will be applied.
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Production of Animal Models.
Animal models are
generated using
a number of mechanisms,
including breeding of animals
with natural mutations.
For example, if the natural
mutation in the animal
matches the one in
the human condition,
then those animals are bred
as a representation
of the disease.
Generation of animals
with specific genetic
modifications is possible.
For example, knocking
out a specific gene.
The application of
drug or a toxin
to induce a disease.
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CRISPR Gene Editing Models.
Recent development
in Nobel Prize-winning
CRISPR technology,
which stands for
clustered regularly interspaced
short palindromic repeats,
provides a means of
generation of an animal model
with individual
gene-editing possibilities.
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Disease Models.
There are a range of established
models for diseases,
including those of the
central nervous system (CNS),
such as the chemical
induction MPTP model
of Parkinson's disease.
MPTP stands for
1-methyl-4-(2'-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine,
and it is typically
injected into mice or rats,
where it gets
modified and taken up
specifically into
dopaminergic neurons
within the substantia
nigra pars compacta,
and therefore models
Parkinson's disease in humans.
