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0:00
Hello, this is Huw Morgan
from the Alliance Manchester
Business School.
This is the third talk in a series
of lectures on Accounting Records.
0:10
In this lecture, we will be looking at
how the multi-column cashbook assists
in recording the dual entries
of the accounting equation
into the nominal ledger,
which forms the basis
of the financial statements.
0:26
In the previous session,
we saw how a small cash-based business
like Shaun's can maintain
basic accounting records
using a single entry cashbook.
Simple controls can ensure accuracy
by reconciling
the closing cash position,
or bank balance.
The accounting equation
can be used to generate a statement
of financial position every time
there is a movement in cash.
Although it's a rather laborious method
and there is the risk that
some transactions not involving cash
could be overlooked.
0:59
Any increase in cash must result in a change
in another element
of the financial statements.
When cash is introduced by
Shaun (the owner),
this will result in a claim
by the owner under equity.
When cash is provided by Jim,
then there is an obligation
on the business to pay this back.
When cash is received
from trading and customers,
the sales should hopefully result
in profit once expenses incurred
in generating these sales
are also accounted for.
However, we discovered a weakness
in basing our financial statements
purely on the cashbook.
Whilst all cash-based transactions
will be recorded,
other non-cash transactions
may be overlooked.
For example, Shaun introduced a van
worth £3,000 into the business,
which should be recorded as an asset
with a corresponding increase in equity.
So a second book of prime entry,
the "journal" ensures
that such non-cash items
and accounting adjustments
are initially recorded.
