Comprehending the internal–external mode of participatory urban regeneration practice : Learning lessons from the sanitation programme of the Orangi Pilot Project, Karachi, Pakistan
Abstract
Significant issues including dilapidated housing, poor sanitation systems and inadequate provision, operation and maintenance of utility services are underlying factors in the depletion of informal settlements in Pakistan. Furthermore, these issues are exacerbated by institutional inefficiencies in dealing with them. To address the challenges, the Orangi Pilot Project (OPP) was launched in Orangi Town, Karachi, by a non-governmental organisation (NGO) in collaboration with local residents and government agencies, using an internal–external model of participation. The aim of the study discussed in this paper was to better comprehend the methodology used in the internal–external model, as well as to review the sanitation programme implemented as part of the OPP and how it affected urban infrastructure and quality of life. This article is also included in The Business & Management Collection which can be accessed at https://hstalks.com/business/.
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Author's Biography
Muhammad Ahsan has recently completed his master’s degree in urban conservation and planning from Yildiz Technical University in Istanbul as a Turkey Burslari Scholarship holder. He has also completed the Erasmus+ traineeship programme from KU Leuven University in Belgium. Muhammad has a bachelor’s degree in city and regional planning from the University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. He has worked on numerous projects, master plans and spatial strategies during his seven years’ professional career. Muhammad’s research interests lie in the field of affordable housing, urban regeneration and conservation, master planning and integrating geographic information systems (GIS) and other remote sensing techniques in urban planning.
