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Practice paper

Traditional hot mixed lime mortars for conservation and repair

Nigel Copsey
Journal of Building Survey, Appraisal & Valuation, 8 (1), 9-30 (2019)
https://doi.org/10.69554/GLFE7050

Abstract

Earth-lime and hot mixed lime mortars were the almost ubiquitous materials of traditional construction over many thousands of years but have been sorely neglected, if not ignored, by a building conservation community philosophically wedded to the principle of like-for-like and compatible repair in favour of materials with minimal historic precedent for the purposes to which they have been put. This situation has begun to change over recent years based upon growing craft experience using these mortars once more, as well as mounting evidence of the damaging potential of modern natural hydraulic limes (NHL). Historic England, Historic Scotland and CADW are reiterating the demand for like-for-like repair of historic fabric and, in most cases, this will indicate the use of hot mixed air lime or feebly hydraulic hot mixes.

Keywords: hot mixed mortars; hot mixed lime mortars; traditional mortars; lime slaking; sand-slaking; hot lime; earth; earth-lime; daub; plaster; limewash; breathability; capillarity; porosity; building repair; building conservation; pozzolans; natural hydraulic lime; like-for-like; compatibility

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Author's Biography

Nigel Copsey is a stonemason and building conservator. He has been routinely using hot mixed air lime mortars for 12 years, mainly in North Yorkshire, but regularly travels the UK, as well as Europe and North America, advocating and training fellow craftspeople in the preparation and use of traditional earth-lime and hot mixed lime mortars. He is a research associate of the Department of Archaeology at the University of York. His book, Hot Mixed Lime and Traditional Mortars (which includes a chapter by David Wiggins) was published by Crowood Press in March 2019 and he is currently completing an Historic England-sponsored MA on the same subject. His HES Technical Paper 25 forms an edited review of historic literature on lime and lime mortars and is due out early 2019.

Citation

Copsey, Nigel (2019, June 1). Traditional hot mixed lime mortars for conservation and repair. In the Journal of Building Survey, Appraisal & Valuation, Volume 8, Issue 1. https://doi.org/10.69554/GLFE7050.

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cover image, Journal of Building Survey, Appraisal & Valuation
Journal of Building Survey, Appraisal & Valuation
Volume 8 / Issue 1
© Henry Stewart
Publications LLP

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