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Integrating nanomaterials and 3D nano/microfabrication techniques for improved cartilage and bone regeneration

Published on May 4, 2015   37 min

A selection of talks on Cell Biology

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0:00
My name is Lijie Grace Zhang. I'm the director of the Bioengineering Laboratory for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering at The George Washington University. In the following, I will give a talk about integrating nanomaterial and the three dimensional nano/microfabrication techniques for improved cartilage and bone regeneration.
0:23
At the beginning I would like to introduce some statistics about cartilage bone injury. So from this slide, you can see only in the United States over six million people visit hospital because of different joint problems. And also, for the most common, osteoarthritis, may affect 33.6% of those age 65 and older in the United States. And also bone fractures are over one million each year. The total direct cost related to all of the osteoarthritis is a huge number each year. So considering all of that cartilage and the bone injury, currently there are a lot of therapies available.
1:08
The traditional therapy for cartilage and bone repair, at least the stereotypical one, the first event is autograft, is the gold standard. So autograft uses patient's own cartilage and bone tissue to replace the damaged part. Another very popular one is called allograft It uses donor cartilage and bone tissue like from a cadaver. Xenograft uses tissue from other species like animals. For the very severe osteoarthritis or joint damage, so normally the total joint replacement is the last option, so the common replacement for the hip and the knee replacements. So, in addition, currently there is a cell therapy for cartilage repair. It's called autologous chondrocyte implantation, or ACI, procedure. So this procedure is, first the harvest of some cartilage tissue from the patient's body and then capture the chondrocytes in the lab to expand over a very large cell number over there, and then inject the chondrocyte back to patient's body. So although all of these traditional therapies are available for cartilage and bone regeneration, they are not perfect.
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Integrating nanomaterials and 3D nano/microfabrication techniques for improved cartilage and bone regeneration

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