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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- How do we see scenes?
- Even familiar things usually don't stay the same
- Belief: this is somehow done via attention
- How is this done?
- Intuition: a visual buffer accumulates information
- Image flicker example (1)
- Image flicker example (2)
- Change blindness (1)
- Overview - older view of attention
- Preattentive systems
- Behavioral studies
- Orientation (1)
- For orientation, a unique value is easy to notice
- An item does not necessarily pop out if it is unique
- L-shapes: reaction time depends on no. of items
- Interpretation
- What is processed preattentively?
- But...
- Scene based properties
- Three dimensional orientation
- Search time for three dimensional objects
- Initial stages of visual processing
- Identification of shadows
- Searching for the shadow target
- Data regarding search time for shadows
- Searches for different shadows
- Completion of occlusion
- Easy to detect - curvature in "bite"
- Slower to detect - bite has been "compensated for"
- Search is based on completed fragments only
- Structures above primary line "visible" to attention
- Searches - summary
- Attentional systems
- Image flicker example (3)
- Change blindness (2)
- Attention is needed to perceive change
- Coherence theory - first stage
- Proto-objects and attention (1)
- Coherence theory - second stage
- Proto-objects and attention (2)
- Attention is implemented via a coherence field
- Important note (1)
- Coherence theory - third stage
- Proto-objects and attention (3)
- Can still build up information in other systems
- Visual search for change
- Visual search for change - results
- Virtual representation (1)
- Virtual representation (2)
- Virtual representation in computer science
- Can this work for the visual system?
- Virtual representation in the brain
- Important note (2)
- How might a virtual representation be interpreted
- Proposal: triadic architecture
- A schematic representation of attention
- "Can't have it both ways" thesis
- Nonattentional systems (1)
- Control of attention
- Implications about mechanism
- Attention mechanism - summary
- Nonattentional systems (2)
- Some early results
- Two visual systems
- Nonconscious detection of change
- Nonconscious detection of change - results
- Mindsight
- Image flicker example (4)
- Mindsight - experiment
- Results of mindsight experiment
- Informative, positive and sophisticated effect
- Possible mechanism
- Newer view of attention: summary
- Acknowledgements
Topics Covered
- How do we see scenes?
- Older view of attention
- Preattentive systems: psychological and behavioral studies
- Orientation
- Reaction time
- Interpretation
- What is processed preattentively?
- Scene-based properties
- Initial stages of visual processing
- Identification of shadows
- Completion of occlusion
- Attentional systems
- Change blindness
- Attention is needed to perceive change in an object
- Coherence theory
- How much can we attend to?
- Virtual representation
- Triadic architecture
- Nonattentional systems
- Non-conscious detection of change
- Newer view of attention
Talk Citation
Rensink, R. (2020, May 1). Attention [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved November 22, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/MWSP8602.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Dr. Ronald Rensink has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
A selection of talks on Neuroscience
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Hello my name is Ron Rensink of
the University of British Columbia.
And what I'd like to do today is
talk to you about some of my work in
the area of visual attention.
0:12
I'll begin by considering a very
simple question, how do we see scenes?
It turns out that this is a little bit
more complex than you might think,
every scene that we see has got new
people, new places, new things.
0:28
In fact even familiar scenes tend
to change, things move around,
the weather can change,
all kinds of things can happen.
Basically every scene we
see is new in some way and
the question then is,
how do we manage to cope with this?
0:46
A common belief is that we see
scenes by somehow paying attention,
if we pay enough attention we
can see everything around us.
0:56
The question is: how is this done?
Let's consider a simple scene.
1:02
In the old days (meaning a few
decades ago) people thought
that you built up an internal
picture via a visual buffer,
that what you would do is
move your eyes around and
each glance would build up some detailed
information, you moved around and
eventually you'd build up
a complete picture, like that.
1:29
That's a nice idea, but then consider
this little flickering sequence,
what you see is an original
image followed by a brief blank,
followed by the image changed in some way.
Something could have been moved,
or appear, or change color, and
what we find is that under these kinds
of conditions people typically find it
very difficult to see these changes.
Have you seen it yet?
If you haven't, it's the engine
near the center of the picture